I think a it of ...

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I think a it of prioritization is called for. I'd say the first would be lining of canals as much water is lost in seepage. I'm not so sure what you mean by 'encourage ground water usage' - I mean they prefer that already and ground water tables are falling alarmingly due to that. 2nd priority should be avoiding evaporation loss - perhaps a green cover around the canals in terms of trees would be a medium term solution - and that would also add to the environment. In terms of weeds removal, that is mainly due to stagnant or slow water flow as these are man made so we have devise ways to make the canals flow faster.

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Hi Anuradha, Greetings from Jaipur. I am giving my comments point wise. (1 ) There is certain limit upto which seepage losses are permissible. If the seepage losses are much higher than the permissible, in certain portion of canal, then that portion should be lined. In my paper under consideration ( available as attachment , i have measured seepage losses in some portions of canal and canal lining was done in the portions of canal having excessive seepage losses) Even the lined canals have some seepage losses and there is some permissible limit for seepage losses in lined canal. Ground water levels as rule does not fall in areas irrigated by surface / canal water. (2 ) There is very little evaporation loss from canals and it is negligible. As such no measures are required to reduce it ( 3) There are many reasons of weed problem in canals, one may be due to slow movement of water in canal. But in Chambal Project canals in Rajasthan, it is due to the reason that the canal passes through the CB tank lake in initial portion of canal and CB tank lake has weed problem. The clear water increases weed growth, but weed growth is difficult in canal water containing silt. However every possible measure is being taken in chambal canals to reduce weed growth.

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